Raw and jpeg files are described very well on this page.
TIFF files can be 16 bit, which means that, although large, they contain a lot more details than JPEGs.
As you know, I use PhotLab to process my raw files (it can work noise reducing miracles on these, which are impossible once the raw data has been combined to make the image). I usually save the result as a TIFF, and then import it into Photoshop for final adjustments (simply because I know PS better for doing these) and then save as the jpegs that I upload here.
Meanwhile, here is an impressive cloud for Steve, taken on my walk this week -- just before it rained!
David